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THE PHARMA REVIEW
(AUGUST 2008) |
Mucoadhesive Microspheres of
Ondansetron Hydrochloride for Nasal Delivery
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H.S. Mahajan, S.G. Gattani,
S.J. Surana |
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Abstracts: Systemic delivery of drugs via nasal
route has many advantages for protein and peptide drug
molecules as well as conventional molecules.
Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems are those that
provide intimate contact of the drug with the mucosa for
an extended period of time. In present work chitosan
mucoadhesive microspheres of ondansetron HCL were
prepared by spray-drying method, with an aim to avoid
first pass effect and to improve therapeutic efficacy of
Ondansetron in treatment of nausea and vomiting.
Preformulation studies were carried out in order to find
out the drug excipient interaction. Formulations were
evaluated for physical characteristics such as particle
size, incorporation efficiency, swelling ability in
vitro bioadhesion and in vitro drug release in pH 6.6
phosphate buffer.Chitosan microspheres showed very good
mucoadhesion due to electrostatic attraction between
chitosan and mucin. The release of ondansetron
hydrochloride from these microspheres was fast. These in
vitro results show that spray-dried microspheres based
on chitosan could be suitable nasal mucoadhesive
delivery system for administration of ondansetron
hydrochloride.
Introduction
Although nasal administration of drug has many
advantages, it is usually limited by the specific nasal
morphological and physiological characteristics. One of
the most important disadvantages is nasal mucociliary
clearance that limits the time allowed for drug
absorption to occur. Thus, mucoadhesive microspheres
have been developed in order to decrease the effect of
mucociliary clearance. Microspheres also exert a direct
effect on the mucosa resulting in the opening of tight
junctions between the epithelial cells. The most
commonly investigated techniques to prepare mucoadhesive
microspheres have been emulsion solvent evaporation
techniques. Spray drying is an alternative process that
is cheaper and faster than above techniques to prepare
nasal particles from mucoadhesive polymers.
Chitosan is a cationic biodegradable and biocompatible
polysaccharide, which confers bioadhesive properties to
microspheres due to its hydrophilicty. It is a polymer
of choice, because it enhances the nasal absorption of
low molecular weight molecules as well as peptides and
proteins.
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